An Analysis of Greasy lake by T. Coraghessan Boyle Essay

An Analysis of Greasy lake by T. Coraghessan Boyle - Essay Example The situations develop when the hero and his companions are searching for no particular reason and energy and erroneously distinguish a vehicle left at Greasy Lake as having a place with their companion Tony. Choosing to pull a prank on him they blare and sparkle lights at the other vehicle and upon the disclosure that it doesn’t have a place with their companion they end up in the center of a battle, with a character a lot harder and apparently increasingly terrible, during which out of dread and franticness the storyteller hits the man with an iron and accept that he has executed him. Kindled by the practically ceremonial homicide of the man the young men brutally lash out on his sweetheart with the aim to assault her. They are trapped in the demonstration because of the appearance of another vehicle and getaway by hanging out in the lake where he bumbled into something. Something unspeakable, revolting, something delicate, wet, greenery grown (129). It ended up being a cada ver.

5 Answers to Questions About Direct Address

5 Answers to Questions About Direct Address 5 Answers to Questions About Direct Address 5 Answers to Questions About Direct Address By Mark Nichol 1. I need to tell competitors at my school, where the mascot is a wildcat, to be pleased with their team’s achievement. Would it be advisable for me to compose, â€Å"Be glad Wildcats† or â€Å"Be pleased, Wildcats†? I see things like this composed constantly without a comma, however something reveals to me I ought to incorporate one. You’re right. The two urgings are right, however on the off chance that you compose, â€Å"Be glad Wildcats,† you’re advising your perusers to be pleased Wildcats. â€Å"Be pleased, Wildcats† is tended to straightforwardly to the competitors; you’re advising the Wildcats to be glad. It’s an unobtrusive contrast, however the adaptation with the comma passes on the significance you need. Additionally, while contemplating whether to compose something as far as you can tell constantly, think about the source: Direct location appears a great deal in casual, conversational (and every now and again indiscreet) composing, for example, email messages and composed notes, yet in distributed structure, a comma for the most part (and effectively) isolates the term of address from the announcement. 2. One issue that surfaces in my email correspondence is the circumstance wherein I am tending to a known gathering of families, women, guardians, or understudies. In the event that I start my email with â€Å"Hello, Ladies,† ought to â€Å"Ladies† be promoted? As indicated by The Gregg Reference Manual, in the welcome of a letter (or an email message) a type of direct location underwrite the principal word and all things. 3. When should familial terms like mother be promoted? Underwrite mother and related words when the term is a type of direct location filling in for a name: You’re asking, â€Å"Can I go see a film, Mom?† similarly as you would ask, â€Å"Can I go see a film, Jane?† At the point when you discuss your mom to someone else, subbing mother for her name, the word, for a similar explanation, is promoted: Compare â€Å"I inquired as to whether I could go see a movie† and â€Å"I inquired as to whether I could go see a movie.† Be that as it may, in the event that you go before mother with a pronoun, it is a conventional thing, identical to an assignment for some other individual: â€Å"I inquired as to whether I could go see a movie† is equal to â€Å"I inquired as to whether I could go see a movie.† 4. For what reason is the word miss not promoted in your model â€Å"Please, miss, would you be able to let me know the time?† The capitalization framework for tending to individuals by a term other than a name is befuddling. The principal letters of words for work and familial titles are promoted, however titles of regard like sir and miss, just as pet names, (for example, dear), are styled totally in lowercase letters. 5. In â€Å"Your magnificence, his majestic height brings the sovereign to the Command Council Tent,† would it be advisable for me to change his to His? Indeed, however you shouldn’t capitalized just the principal letter of his. Both â€Å"your majesty† and â€Å"his magnificent highness† are utilized as titles; subsequently, each one of those words ought to be at first promoted: â€Å"Your Majesty, His Imperial Highness gathers the sovereign to the Command Council’s tent.† In fact, in light of the fact that â€Å"his royal highness† is as an outsider looking in, it ought not be introductory topped except if it goes before the person’s name, however such cordialities for rulers are regularly excepted from this standard. (Additionally, if there is an official body called the Command Council, by all methods underwrite its name. In any case, despite the fact that you would underwrite room or chamber, for instance, if there were an assigned space for it to meet, due to a tent’s vaporous nature, I don’t think tent merits a similar treatment. Note that in the reference to the Command Council, I’ve made that body’s name possessive.) Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Style classification, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:When to Use â€Å"That,† â€Å"Which,† and â€Å"Who†People versus Persons10 Tips About How to Write a Caption

Applying for SIPA Fellowship COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Applying for SIPA Fellowship COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Every applicant to SIPA is considered for SIPA fellowship funding.   Consideration requires nothing more than completing and submitting the admission application and all of the required application documents there is no separate fellowship application. After admission decisions are made the Admissions Committee has several meetings to allocate fellowship funding.   Awards are based on both merit and need.   Merit is used to determine if an award will be made and need helps to determine the amount of the award. Applicants who are chosen to receive first year SIPA fellowships are able to set themselves apart in the application process.   This can include but is not limited to: An outstanding academic record An exceptional personal statement A distinctive history of professional experience work and/or internships An outstanding record of achievement under trying circumstances Recipients of first-year fellowship funding will be notified in the admission letter.   Decision letters will start to be published to the application Web site in early March.

Microsoft Excel Workbook - 100984 Words

Excel e This Course Covers: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Spreadsheet fundamentals: How to open, create, and work with a spreadsheet How to enhance spreadsheets using formatting techniques How to create and work with charts How to create formulas to perform a variety of calculations How to manage workbooks and advanced printing options How to analyze data using Excel’s list features Microsoft  ® Table of Contents Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 7 Chapter One: The Fundamentals...................................................................................... 11 Lesson 1-1: Starting†¦show more content†¦do, Redo, and Repeat ........................................................................76 Lesson 2-10: Checking Your Spelling .................................................................................78 Lesson 2-11: Finding and Replacing Information ...............................................................80 Lesson 2-12: Advanced Printing Options ............................................................................82 Lesson 2-13: File Management............................................................................................84 Lesson 2-14: Inserting Cell Comments ...............................................................................86 L esson 2-15: Understanding Smart Tags .............................................................................88 4 Lesson 2-16: Recovering Your Workbooks .........................................................................90 Chapter Two Review............................................................................................................92 Chapter Three: Formatting a Worksheet .....................................................................99 Lesson 3-1: Formatting Fonts with the Formatting Toolbar ..............................................100 Lesson 3-2: Formatting Values ..........................................................................................102 Lesson 3-3: Adjusting Row Height and Column WidthShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Parts Of Excel Essay1664 Words   |  7 Pages Parts of excel 1a) Tabs: In Microsoft excel tabs are nothing but the multiple number of open workbooks within a single window. 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A macro is an automated data sequence that imitates keystrokes or mouse actions. Macros are typically used to replace a repetitive series of keyboard and mouse actions and are common in spreadsheet and word processing applications like MS Excel and MS Word. The file extension of a macro is commonly known as MAC. (Beal)The concept of macros is well-known among â€Å"Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games† and â€Å"Search Engine Optimization† specialists

Phuket Beach - 1203 Words

{draw:g} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} {draw:frame} Table of Contents Declaration This report is submitted as partial fulfilment of the requirements for Module MBA 407 Financial Management at the European Business School London in spring 2010. We declare that this document embodies the results of the group’s work and that it has been composed by the group. Following normal academic conventions, we have made due acknowledgement of the work of others. We have worked together as a group and we have all contributed equally and would therefore be graded as a group. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Fouad El Ghzal †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Nikola Pamler †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ulrich†¦show m ore content†¦But the NPV is not suitable to compare projects running fordifferent time periods. Instead I used the Equivalent Annual Cash Flow to compare both projects, regarding their time-period, as the Equivalent Annual Cash Flow measures the current economic gain for every year in a projects life period. As a result I got an Equivalent Annual Cash Flow of $124,103.76 for the PKC and an Equivalent Annual Cash Flow of $323,731.71 for the BKC. That is why I came to the point that the PKC project would be the better choice as it has the lower Equivalent Annual Cash Flow value which is an indicator for financial security. Even the Beach Karaoke Club (BKC) would have higher financial benefits this investment option is less attractive, due to an uncertain income which leads to a higher risk. If we take several unfavourable situations into account the PKC will still have a positive equivalent annual cash flow while our project’s equivalent that guarantees us annual cash flow will be negative. Even this fixed income from the rent goes only for a 4-years period it is still more attractive than an uncertain income over a 6-years period. I know that you liked the idea of recruit staff for the BKP from the current surplus of the hotel’s workforce, as the BKP project did not has to care about their salaries and does not have opportunity cost’s for recruiting and training. But we also have to consider that maybe one day the hotel requires all their workforce, which will be a problemShow MoreRelatedPhuket Beach Case1683 Words   |  7 PagesPHUKET BEACH HOTEL: VALUING MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE PROJECTS I. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This is an assessment of the different costs and benefits of two mutually exclusive capital projects involving the use of an underutilized space located on the second floor of the main building of Phuket Beach Hotel (PBH). The first project, Planet Karaoke Pub (PKP) offered to sign a four-year lease agreement with (PBH) while the second project, Beach Karaoke Pub (BKP), is a pub the PBH itself, plans to putRead MorePhuket Beach Hotel1556 Words   |  7 PagesGeneral Manager, Phuket Beach Hotel From: Albert, Andy, Becca, Chris, Derek Consulting Date: June 14, 2011 Re: Valuation of Potential Karaoke Pub Projects Thank you for retaining AaBCD Consulting in the valuation of your future capital improvement project. There are two mutually exclusive capital improvement projects under consideration: lease under-utilized space to an unrelated third party, Planet Karaoke Pub, or invest greater capital to open and manage your own nightclub, Beach Karaoke PubRead MorePhuket Beach Hotel1996 Words   |  8 PagesCase 10:Phuket Beach Hotel VALUING MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE CAPITAL PROJECTS Case Overview Planet Karaoke Pub Project Lives Monthly rental (5% increment for 3rd and 4th year) 4 years 170, 000 (THB) 770, 000 to 1, 000, 000 (THB) 55, 000 (THB) Up front renovation cost (Depreciated over the life of project - straight line method with zero salvage value) Overhead expenses Repair and maintenance cost 10, 000 (THB) / year Case Overview Beach Karaoke Pub Project Lives Up front investment Read MorePhuket Beach Hotel3020 Words   |  13 PagesFinancial Management. EBS ML. 4th course students. Case study. Phuket Beach Hotel. Valuing Mutually Exclusive Capital Projects. Questions 1. Please asses the economic benefits associated with each of the capital project. What is Initial Outlay? What are the incremental cash flows over the life of the project? What is an appropriate discount rate to use for discounting the cash flows of the project? SN 1 and SN 2 - 40% 2. Are the project comparable based on the standard NPV measure, given thatRead MorePhuket Beach Hotel Case Studey1161 Words   |  5 Pages770,000 6. WACC = 10.75% Yr. 3 Yr. 4 2,142,000 2,142,000 -192500 -192500 -10,000 -10,000 -1,767,125 -1,855,500 172,375 -51,713 120,662 192,500 84,000 -25,200 58,800 192,500 313,162 230,536 251,300 167,039 Analysis of Cash Flow - Beach Karaoke Pub figures in baht Yr. 0 Sales less less less less less Food and Beverage Cost Other Operating Expenses Depreciation Increase in repair and maintenance expenses Decrease in net room revenue Additional Operating Income less Taxes NOPAT addRead MorePhuket Beach Hotel: Valuing Mutually Exclusive Capital Projects846 Words   |  4 Pagesstudent contract (4Ps) Knowing your participants Selecting cases and readings Using a mix of short (â€Å"breather†) and long cases Assigning a term project Case  seminar  series_Su  H  Chan A Short Case Phuket Beach Hotel: Valuing Mutually Exclusive Capital Projects* (4 pages) Synopsis Phuket Beach Hotel has an opportunity to lease its underutilized space to a karaoke pub and earn a rental income. Alternatively, the hotel could develop the unused space and create its own pub. The general manager ofRead MoreExploring Phuket 886 Words   |  4 PagesFEATURE Go for a walk around Phuket. Phuket is well known as a Pearl of Andaman because of its beautiful beach and many tourist places such as Patong Beach, Kata Beach, Karon Beach and Lam Promathep. Actually there are additional factors such as its culture, architect, historic and much more that is enough to make this city became a paradise. City of Tin. In the past, Phuket was the resource of tin exported to many countries in Ayutthaya. The tin industry was the most prosperous reign ofRead MoreThailand Vacation Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesThailand holidays package is enticing mixture of establishing destination like Hua Hin and Phuket. Thailand appeals to many different travelers, whether they are hippy chic or craving barefoot luxury. Thailand provides you plenty of selections for every budget and taste. Pampering is an art form of this beautiful country and throughout the country spas provide authentic treatments if it is in a 5 star resort or a beach side hut. Package Thailand holidays provides you best sightseeing, variegated shoppingRead MoreThe Indian Ocean Tsunami : The Sumatran Andaman Earthquake1463 Words   |  6 Pagesand began to collect stranded fish along the 1.6 miles of exposed beach, which had fatal results. One of the few places to evacuate was an Indonesian Island called Simeulue, which was very close to the epicenter. Another area that evacuated was Maikhao Beach in Northern Phuket, Thailand where a ten year old British student recognized the signs of a tsunami from learning about it in school, and she and her parents warned the beach goers and they evacuated the area. John Chroston, a biology teacherRead MoreEssay on Children Sexual Exploitation in Thailand 1316 Words   |  6 Pagesgoes to Thailand because sexual services are cheaper and the availability is enormous. 3. Pattaya: As I previously stated child sex tourism in Bangkok is decreasing but the same phenomenon is not occurring in other cities such as in Pattaya, Phuket and Chiang Mai where the problem is still relevant. The Pattaya resort is just two hours drive from Bangkok. In the past it was a fishing village but, when the American soldiers fighting in the Vietnam War, discovered Pattaya they â€Å" armed with dollars

Sailing to Byzantium Free Essays

Poetry means many things to people all over the world. Poetry is an outlet or artistic and creative way of telling a story or expressing your emotions. It is something that does not require a lot of skill, but imagination and feeling. We will write a custom essay sample on Sailing to Byzantium or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† written by William Butler Yeats is a poem that speaks of the craving for something one cannot have and the immortality of people, art and intellect, and greatness. â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† is a poem based on the theme longing for something one cannot have. In this case the old man in the poem is yearning to be young and live on forever even when his time is up. To escape death and old age the man sails to Byzantium. Byzantium is the opposite of the old man. â€Å"The young in one another’s arms, birds in the trees† and â€Å"The salmon falls, the mackerel crowded seas† are lines from the poem that illustrate the youth and vibrance of Byzantium, the youth and viberance the old man desires. Throughout the poem there are lines that hint about the immortality of people and life. One can continue to live on forever spiritually or by being remembered for having a great achievement or a great impact. In the second stanza Yeats writes, â€Å"An aged man is but a paltry thing. The old man sees age as just a number. His body may be growing older, but his insides are youthful. In the third stanza Yeats writes â€Å"Into the artifice of eternity†. This line can translate into on the illusion of immortality. Finally, in the last stanza Yeats writes, â€Å"Once out of nature I shall never take my bodily form from any natural thing. † Yeats writes that once the old man has passed he will be remembered by a symbol or sculpture much like a royal emperor. He will be represented by any natural thing. In this poem it is important to the old man that he lives on forever in the magnificent paradise of Byzantium. In addition to the immortality of people, the continuous life of art and intellect were written about. In stanza one Yeats writes, â€Å"Caught in that sensual music all neglect, moments of unaging intellect. † These two lines illustrate the immortality of art and intellect. Though some may neglect the elders because the elderly seem to lose their intellect as they age, the older generations were basically bards of education and intellect. Intellect is something that is passed down from generation to generation, it is something that will live forever. â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† is a poem largely associated with greatness. Byzantium was a paradise. It consisted of salmon-falls, mackerel-crowded seas, gold mosaic walls, Grecian goldsmiths, and a royal emperor. Byzantium was magnificent, just like the idea of immortality. I think Yeats wrote about Byzantium and immortality together because they go hand in hand. William Butler Yeat’s poem â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† is a poem about greatness and all of its elements. Byzantium was a lively place where it seemed like anything was possible. It was a paradise to escape to. To me â€Å"Sailing to Byzantium† is a poem of inspiration. The poem seemed to make the idea of dying meager because one can live on forever, even past their time. How to cite Sailing to Byzantium, Papers

Impact Of Core Values And Principle Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Impact Of Core Values And Principle. Answer: Introduction Core values are the enduring and fundamental tenets which should not be compromised at any situation, even if for any kind of short-term convenience or any financial gain. As stated by Thomas J. Watson Jr., the former chief executive of IBM, while finding the primary differences between failure and beliefs, mostly the organizations are stuck with the question of sustaining the great talents within the organization. This also leads back to the question whether the organization can sustain the common senses and causes through generations (Collins and Porras et al). However, this answer lies within the belief of any organization. It is also believed by many of the academicians that for surviving in the competitive market and achieving success an organization should have a pre-determined set of beliefs that can be the foundation of any action or policy taken for the organization or its stakeholders (Shapiro Stefkovich, 2016). These beliefs are mostly called the core values which should come before any action, policy or practice and the organizations should faithfully adhere to these values through generations. In any political organization, the core values have a significant part to play as the general people starts believing in a particular organization if they are holding on to their core principle values. This essay will address the issue of the impact of these core beliefs on the decision making process of any leader along with defining how the decision making process of Narendra Modi is determined by either compassion or beliefs. Discussion Individual assumptions and beliefs can be very much significant in the decision making process of any organization or any individual. As stated, We dont believe the world we see; we see the world we believe, defines that frequently the decisions may not make much sense to other people; however, it can always have a huge influence on the learning capacity of people. While making any decisions, the individual culture and values play a huge part (Axelrod, 2015). Several researches in the past, have already addressed the issue of being committed to the organization and to its core values. Most of the times, the core value provides a simple yet substantial guidance to the decision making process. In the business world, the organizations consider their clients ahead of anything else because they know that without the customers, the organizations are nothing (Kaner, 2014). Therefore, their core values are directed towards serving the customers along with supporting the employees who are doi ng so. There are number of core values that the organizations have. The visionary organizations mostly have three to six core values. These values are deeply rooted and fundamentally determined by the organization; therefore these are not going to changed or compromised at any situation. However, Ford Richardson (2013) states that, it is highly possible that if the organizations are holding more core values, it can affect the decision making process of the leaders. The leaders may fail to recognize that which value is truly core, therefore creating a statement of those values, the leaders may not be able to comprehend the faithful adherence towards a specific one. On contrary, they may not understand which values can be compromised or discarded if the surroundings are not adequately favorable. It should be noted that the core value or the core ideology should exist in any political or strategic organization as the internal constituent, even though it is largely dependent on the external se ttings (Pettigrew, 2014). As an instance, it can be said that when the British created their colonies, they did not put independence and equality as the core value of those political institutions as the external environment did not support it. However, the core ideologies change with the course of time as these values work towards providing inspirations and guidance to all the future generations. Individual beliefs and compassion has been two major core values for the leaders. Individual beliefs do play a central part in shaping the decisions of the managers or the leaders. These are the assumptions that every individual make about themselves and the outer world. Beliefs are also about what an individual thinks about other beings, what they consider to be the most valuable resources and the generalizations that they make regarding their surroundings (Blondel Mller-Rommel, 2016). Therefore these considerations act as a fundamental base for the decision making process. In a similar way, compassion also acts as a base for the decision making as it is one of the core values of the learning approach. Compassion can be defined as the brief judgment which an individual makes for appreciating others situations, beliefs and perspectives even if those are different than their own (Verbeek, 2017). Being compassionate strongly means that an individual is honestly concerned for the requi rements of other people. If the leaders are compassionate the decisions are made considering all the aspects of the situation. While analyzing Narendra Modis decision making procedure, it can be indicated that his decision making process is entirely driven by compassion that individual beliefs. After so many years of independence, India still lags behind in some genres. So far, the leaders were interested more in scrapping the poverty out of the country, which was clearly not achieved in so many years. On the other hand, Narendra Modi believes in measuring the induce development, therefore he is making successful investments in the ports and roads, power, energy and encouraging more new businesses and entrepreneurs for investing in India. Therefore this has created more job opportunities and increased the annual income of general population which eventually is bringing more taxes for the country. This decision is entirely driven by the compassion as it has been taken in a way which indicated that he is taking care of his countrymen and ensuring that they raise their standards of living in near future. Modi h as also shown some of his dictatorial attributes in his way of decision making that may seem that he is making decisions out of his own individual beliefs, but he has implemented more pragmatic decisions than the previous leaders. Modi has shown willpower for rooting the corruption out of the country with the recent note- ban. This decision may be considered to be driven out of his individual beliefs, but it is also due to the transparent judgment after considering all the potential aspects of the decision. With the immediate results of the note ban, it may seem to be wrong and dictatorial decision, but in the long run, it can root the corruption out of the country. Modi has also indicated his concern for the lower class of the society and addressed a major issue in the country which is making India a fair and clean country from all the aspects. When he declared Toilets before temples, it has shown his compassion towards the welfare of his country. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that, the core values do not only considered for the organizations, but it also drives the individual decisions of a human being. When a political leader makes sharp and definite choices, it tends to bring more clarity for the decision making process of the general population as well. Most of the times, the voters tend to become confused and unable to make decisions in choosing their leaders, however, the compassionate and definite making of decisions also influence their decision making as well. Even though the core values of an individual may not change, but with the course of time the core values change along with the situation. Therefore, even if people do not believe in the political belief of Narendra Modi, they can still consider him as their leader considering his decision making procedures. References Axelrod, R. (Ed.). (2015).Structure of decision: The cognitive maps of political elites. Princeton university press. Blondel, J., Mller-Rommel, F. (Eds.). (2016).Governing together: the extent and limits of joint decision-making in Western European cabinets. Springer. Carsten, M. K., Uhl-Bien, M. (2015). Follower beliefs in the co-production of leadership.Zeitschrift fr Psychologie. Cianci, A. M., Hannah, S. T., Roberts, R. P., Tsakumis, G. T. (2014). The effects of authentic leadership on followers' ethical decision-making in the face of temptation: An experimental study.The Leadership Quarterly,25(3), 581-594. Collins and Porras et al. Built to Las pp 46-79 Ford, R. C., Richardson, W. D. (2013). Ethical decision making: A review of the empirical literature. InCitation classics from the Journal of Business Ethics(pp. 19-44). Springer Netherlands. Kaner, S. (2014).Facilitator's guide to participatory decision-making. John Wiley Sons. Pettigrew, A. M. (2014).The politics of organizational decision-making. Routledge. Prooijen, J. W., Jostmann, N. B. (2013). Belief in conspiracy theories: The influence of uncertainty and perceived morality.European Journal of Social Psychology,43(1), 109-115. Shapiro, J. P., Stefkovich, J. A. (2016).Ethical leadership and decision making in education: Applying theoretical perspectives to complex dilemmas. Routledge. Verbeek, B. (2017).Decision-making in Great Britain During the Suez Crisis: Small groups and a persistent leader. Routledge.

Change Management as a Complicated Transaction

Change management is a complex activity. The research focuses on change itself. The research delves into the way the change should be implemented by reducing resistance. Change management can be best implemented using a three phase process.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Change Management as a Complicated Transaction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Description of the situation William Bridge (Bridges, 2010) emphasizes in his book, Managing Transitions: Making the Most of Change†, that the employees were required to shift from manual recording of business transactions to the use of computers within the last six months of the organization’s work environment. For some of the older employees, the change was a huge hurdle to overcome. The old people gave their best efforts to hold on to the traditional way of doing things. The objecting employees used both legal and not legal means to thwart managementà ¢â‚¬â„¢s plans to institute the necessary organizational changes. Some of the complaining employees announced that they have mastered the old way of doing things. The complaining employees brought out their defense that they do no have the physical and mental prowess to comply with the mandatory change to the new working environment. On the other hand, Robert Paton (2008) states that for some of the younger employees, the change was a welcome sight to embrace. The young employees felt the change was a small hill to effortlessly climb. The young employees were eager to jump into the bandwagon called innovation. The young employees persuaded the older employees to stop their strong resistance to the new way of accomplishing organizational goals and objectives. The young employees even bragged among themselves that they can easily assimilate the new computerized working environment because of their challenging outlook in life. Description of the setting The change from the manual input ting of business transactions to computerized transactions occurred in the accounting and administration offices. The employees were given one month to learn how to use the computer. The employees were taught the basics of the computerized work process. The management emphasized the importance of accepting the many advantages of using computers. First, the use of computers hastened the employees speed in terms of encoding all business transactions. Second, there are lesser unintentional errors committed by the human employees. The computers do the addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and other routine jobs. The computers can use excel formulas to lessen the time needed to compute for the mathematics results.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Economical, technological, or business factors driving the event In terms of technology, V Nilakant (2006) reiterated the stif f competition from the company’s market segment drove management to have an edge over the competitors. With the employees’ early submission of the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows, management will have more time to scrutinize the financial statements. With the longer analysis of the financial statements, the responsible managers can create better innovation in terms of competing in the same market segment. In terms of economics, Charles Moyer (2010) theorized management that will be able to retrench employees who are redundant. With the advent of the computers, some employees have to be removed in order to save on salaries and wages of the employees. With the computers, some of the employees will become useless. The computers have replaced the work of some or all of the employees with the computers. The company will save more money using the benefits of the computers over the annual increases of the old employees’ salaries. In terms o f the product, the company is proud to introduce a new innovative product line. The new product line incorporates the old benefits of the products. In addition, many new advantages have been incorporated into the paper. The company can sell the new products faster when comparing the company’s current products and services. The increase in sales is due to the company’s introduction of the latest products to the current and prospective customers. One clear advantage is the decrease in customers’ product returns. The product returns occur when the customers observe a damage that occurs when buying the kitchen equipments. With the new products, the customers will have longer time playing or tinkering with the current and prospective clients. The individuals or groups involved in the change and transition Antje Drechsler (2011) points out that there are many individuals involved in the change and transition. First, the president of the organization is instrumental in ensuring that the change from the manual accounting system is very successful. The other officers of the company are eagerly explaining to the rank and file employees numerous benefits of accepting the new computerized accounting system. The human resource management staff continually sets up meetings to discuss benefits of embracing the new work processes. The new system will focus on ensuring that the employees will have more time to edit their prepared jobs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Change Management as a Complicated Transaction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In turn, management will have more time to know if some of the innovative employees have maximized their work outputs. Some of the employees will spread the news that the computerized working environment is better compared to the manual recording of business transactions. With the advent of information technology, the clients can receive their financial statements earlier when compared to the manual encoding of their employees. Annabel Beerel (2009) insists there are many key players from senior leadership. The chief financial officer is in charge of ensuring the financial statements arrive on or before the required deadline set by the requiring department. The chief operating officer oversees the success of the new computerized marketing system. The president approves the implementation of the new computerized accounting system. The new system uses the quickbook accounting software, quicken accounting software, Microsoft word software, Microsoft excel software, Microsoft power point software. Likewise, the employees are the other key players for they are the persons required to comply with the organization’s latest recording instructions. The head of the human resource department plays a pivotal role in training the employees to become adept in the new work environment. Front-line workers affected. Mid-level manag ement volunteers There are front-line workers affected. The front-line workers are the accounting staff. In addition, the front line workers include the line employees in the accounting department. The two front-line employees are the ones directly affected by the change to the computerized working environment. The suppliers send their instructors to train the company’s accounting personnel keep up with the new accounting system’s work requirements. The supplier of the accounting software is an expert on how to use the icons displayed on the computer desktop screen. The supplier’s training sessions will surely augment and hone the line and staff accounting employees to metamorphose into a more advanced and higher quality paper on time. The internal expert (human resource department head) and the external expert (the supplier’s computer expert) both combine their styles, time, and efforts to ensure that the line and staff employees will be equipped with th e latest computer knowledge to deliver high quality accounting software to the employees. W. Bridges’ three phases of transitions applicable to the event First,Ending, Losing, Letting Go: (helping deal with their tangible and intangible losses and mentally prepare to move on.) In the first phase, the management, human resource department and fellow employees will let the dismayed employee realize that the employee must let go of one’s comfort zone. The old employ is persuaded to let go of one’s current job itineraries. The resistant employee is convinced to accept the reality that there is nothing permanent in this world but change.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Second, the Neutral Zone: (critical psychological realignments and pattern change take place. Helping people get through the critical psychological realignment, capitalizing on all the confusion by encouraging all the employees, including the resisting ones, to be innovators. Eventually, the resisting employees will learn to accept that one’s work has to be changed for the better. Third, the New Beginning: (helping people develop the new identity, experience the new energy, and discover the new sense of purpose that make the change begin to work. The resisting employees’ resistance disappears. The formerly resisting employees are now revitalized by their focus on creating a new identity (Bridges, 2010). Reflections: Event Outcomes and Opportunities There are positive outcomes of the event. Everyone is happy. The managers are some of the luckiest persons within the company. Resistance to change to the new work process has been easily overcome. The accounting clerk is no longer resistant to the use of computer software to hasten one’s financial report output. In addition, friendships have strengthened being freely given to the slow-learning and disgruntled employees. The expert employees are eager to help the slow learning employees with their new job responsibilities. In terms of opportunities, management has seen that it is easy to revise the current work itineraries. The employees have learned many new tricks of the trade. The employees have gained new knowledge that increases their production outcome. The introduction of the new computer system increases the employees’ volume of work output. Recommendations In terms of recommendation, it is highly recommended that all employees will be persuaded to implement the best work process. The best process would increase revenues. The best process will reduce costs and expense. In the end, the company’s net profits will increase significantly. Based on the above discussion, change m anagement is a complicated transaction. The change has to be implemented. The change management includes ensuring change that should be implemented by reducing resistance. Indeed, change management can be best put into successful motion by using the three phase process. References Beerel, A. (2009). Leadership and Change Management . New York: Sage Press. Bridges, W. (2010). Managing Transactions: Making the Most of Change. New York: REadHowYou Want Press. Drechsler, A. (2011). Employee Resistance . New York: Grin Press. Moyer, C. (2010). Managerial Economics. New York: Cengage Press. Nilakant, V. (2006). Change Management: Altering Mindsets in a Global Market.  New York: Sage Press. Paton, R. (2008). Change Management. New York: Sage Press. This essay on Change Management as a Complicated Transaction was written and submitted by user Danielle Travis to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Greeks contributions DBQ essays

Greeks contributions DBQ essays Throughout history the ancient Greeks have made many contribution to the western civilization. They made advances in the areas of art, architecture, drama, philosophy, math, and science. These contributions have influenced the western civilization, and are still used in the world today. The ancient Greeks have made contributions in the two areas of art and architecture. For example, the ancient Greeks built the Parthenon, which is a temple built in honor of the goddess of wisdom, Athena (Doc.7). The Parthenon had columns built in the front it. The western civilizations used columns in some of their architecture, like the Lincoln Memorial. Another contribution is the famous sculpture known as the Diskabolus or the Discus Thrower (Doc. 8). The sculptor of this sculpture was showing that men should be physically fit. He also used very detailed lines to show how strong and fit the men in Greece were. Today artists use very detailed lines to show what something or someone actually looks like, just like the ancient Greek sculptor of the discus thrower. Even though some information is known about the Greeks contribution of art and architecture to the western world, we no even more about their contributions in the fields of math of science. A famous Greek physician named Hippocrates made advances in medicine. He created the Hippocratic oath, which promised that a physician would help a patient according to his ability and judgment. Also a physician will never give any deadly medicine to anyone if asked (Doc. 4). The Hippocratic oath is still used in the western civilization today. Many medical schools make all their doctor graduates say this oath. The mathematicians named Euclid and Pythagoras made some of the advances in math. Euclid said that if two straight lines were to cross each other, the vertical, or opposite angles would be equal (Doc.5). Euclids law is still used today to teach geometry. Pythagoras created the Pythagore...

When are people justified in rebelling from a government Essay

When are people justified in rebelling from a government - Essay Example Simply put, whenever a government fails to keep up the social contract it has with the citizens, rebellion against that government becomes justified according to Locke and that rebellion is not illegal or unjust. Therefore, it is important to understand the social contract, the idea of rebellion and how Locke sees the legitimacy of government for any student of History, sociology and even philosophy. Additionally, comparisons can be made in terms of how other philosophers such as Hobbes have seen the legitimacy of government as opposed to Locke to fully understand the position Locke takes on what a government should do to keep the social contract. The social contract theory is a common concept used in many different fields such as political science, economics and sociology. It basically suggests that there is a contract which exists between the state and the individuals who are part of the state regarding their individual rights and privileges. A social contract can also exist between a company/organization and its members or a social group and the participants of the group. The idea of a social contract has been developed and expanded greatly by philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke amongst many others (Wikipedia, 2006). However, the Ideas of Locke are very important in this case because he was the first to establish the criteria for a social contract and then establish the course a people should take up if their own government does not uphold its end of the bargain. Hobbes was the earlier of the two philosophers and outlined his ideas concerning a social contract in his magnum opus titled Leviathan. Hobbes suggests that the natural inclination of mankind breaks men into strong and weak. The strength of a strong man may come from his physical abilities or his mental prowess but in either case, he has an advantage over the weak. However, this

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Interview - Essay Example I feel I need a PhD to enable me contribute to society in an expanded capacity owing to the immense knowledge I will have acquired. Should you send an American teacher to tech here in Saudi Arabia, I would be more than willing to help him understand the nutrition situation in the country, and the best way to pass his knowledge, and how to overcome cultural and environmental barriers in his work. In the course of my teaching at the university, I have interacted with great minds ready to make Saudi Arabia literate as far as nutrition is concerned. Upon their graduation, I am confident these young men and women have taken up this role in various capacities. We have also held a number of seminars and workshops to educate both the university and the community on nutrition. I believe a good classroom is one that incorporates both the peer-to-peer group and instructor-led formats. Such a classroom should embrace the use information technology, such as laptop computers among other gadgets in the dissemination of knowledge. I would not have any problem in regard to the practice in doctoral studies, where the student does not just receive information from the teacher. This is because I believe education is a two-way process where both the instructor and the student play their individual roles. In any case I would prefer a more student-centered learning system to an instructor-centered

Does Democracy Address Insecurity?

Does Democracy Address Insecurity? Democracy effectively addresses insecurity. Do you agree, why or why not? Democracy does, and does not effectively address insecurity, in some aspects it curbs it, in others it accelerates it. Consequently, this minor essay will examine avenues in which democracy addresses and fails to effectively address insecurity. It will conclude that despite the short-term pitfalls of transitioning to democracy, and the dangers of democratic governance without a strong institutional foundation with strong checks and balances, that it has the long-term potential to effectively address insecurity both within and outside a States borders. Regardless of whether established democracies provide stability, transitional democracies often create a large amount of instability, especially when converting from a more authoritarian political system, and generally experience their worst period of instability during this juncture.[1] A lack of unity and cohesion can cause greater domestic instability for a population within the short-term, aside from an increased likelihood of war with other States, during this period large scale ethnic cleansings may occur.[2] As democracies are traditionally linked with a primary ethnicity, a purge has a likelihood of occurring before a strong institutional democratic base can form, often against ethnic groups who refuse to assimilate with society, as well as individuals linked to previous political administrations. Ironically however, whilst democracy can create much greater instability for a state in the short-term, in the long-term this political system can potentially create very strong and politically stable governance for the State.[3] This can be demonstrated in the prominent military, economic and cultural role the United States plays in contemporary society today, despite engaging in the mass extermination of Native Americans only a century prior.[4] Democracies which do manage to establish themselves and overcome their shortcoming during the transition period can effectively address instability, both domestically and internationally, however there are severe limitations which can inadvertently result in greater instability also being formed if not implemented effectively. Theoretically capitalist States are very effective at addressing insecurity, domestically they can help alleviate income inequality among their poorer citizens, and internationally they help formulate economic interdependence between States.[5] Whilst bilateral trade is not always from an equal economic standing, with one side often more dependent on the other, such as in the case between China and Taiwan, when two States are of similar economic standing it can prove a great stabilising factor in preventing conflict.[6] This is evident in the lack of open conflict between the USA and China in decades.[7] As economies of this magnitude continue to intertwine, avoiding conflict and instability between them becomes increasingly in their interests. Other theoretic models, such as the Liberal Democratic Peace Theory argue further points where even greater stability can be gained under democratic governance, considering that there is a historic precedent of democratic states not going to war with one another.[8] However, there are also aspects of this theory which highlight how democracies can result in greater instability occurring internationally, as democratic states can ironically themselves create new wars in the process of spreading democracy throughout the world, trying to force it through non-peaceful means on States who are either unwilling or unprepared for such massive political change.[9] This results in a world of democratic states seeking perpetual peace through perpetual war, leaving the world itself in a constant state of instability.[10] Domestically democracies can provide other major avenues of stability for the State, one of the most prominent being the division of the Executive, Judiciary and Legislative branches of government into separate branches independent from one another.[11] The establishment such a comprehensive system of checks and balances can ensure the moderation of power of appointed officials and their political parties, and ensure that they operate within the law.[12] The effectiveness of such a process can be seen in U.S President Donald Trump, with his controversial executive orders on implementing travel bans for foreign individuals being blocked by the judicial branch of government because they were found to be unconstitutional.[13] However, the greatest strength and weaknesses of democracies in addressing insecurity lies within having an inclusive political process, with a sense of inclusion encouraging non-violent solutions to political issues.[14] An example of this can be seen in the Provisional Irish Republican Army, the main nationalist group involved in the troubles in Northern Ireland in the 20th century, who ceased their armed campaign in large part because of the political concessions provided to them in the 1995 Good Friday Agreement, which allowed them a platform to continue their struggle for independence through non-violent channels.[15] Consequently, the ability of democracy to promote change in the government and political system without having to resort to any form of political violence is one of the greatest stabilising factors which democracy can provide a State, so long as an inclusive attitude is maintained. However, whilst democracies are meant to promote inclusion, in certain States a tyranny of the majority culture exists, wherein no attempt is made by the ruling party to govern all their citizens equally and achieve national unity for its supports and detractors, who may be ideologically polarised based around ethnicity, religion, language or self-identity.[16] Such exclusion from the political process can enflame tensions between various groups within a State and result in these excluded groups emigrating, resulting in a depleted workforce, or in more extreme cases, developing a complete disenfranchisement with the political system, taking up arms against the State and plunging it into further instability.[17] Henceforth democracy possesses the potential to create stability within a States borders so long as strong institutional foundations are in place with comprehensive checks and balances and a healthy electoral system which promotes inclusion over alienation.   However, it is often not effective at addressing insecurity within other States borders when trying to spread its political model to states either unwilling or unprepared for political change through violent means. In States, which are transitioning to democracy, even if done so via peaceful means, short-term instability will likely occur within the State, however if they endure the process the potential long-term stability which the State can gain can prove timeless.

Everyday Use Analysis Essay

â€Å"Everyday Use† is a short story by â€Å"Alice Walker†, it is a disdainful short story. A story about two sisters and a mom, that the two girls are totally different. Also teaching to stand up for what you want. This story is about a mom and a girl called Maggie that they live alone because the older sibling moved out. In the story Maggie and the mother have not seen how much Dee has changed in over six years. Dee in the short story sees that her sister Maggie and her mother have not change throughout these six years not a bit. In the story Dee and Maggie are examples of foil characters. Maggie is the very shy and polite one out of her and Dee. Maggie was the character that lived with mama, during the story it says that Maggie was burned in a house fire. This character is a character that would just blend into the background because of how shy she was, she wouldn’t talk to much; so she would rather just blend in with the surroundings. Maggie was a foil character because her and mama didn’t change nothing throughout the six years that passed, while Dee did change a lot; throughout those six years. Maggie is a good hearted kid, she would rather let Dee have the quilts that were promised to her, instead of fighting over them. Dee is sisters with Maggie in this story, she is the character who is very impolite, or that does things her way. Dee is the only educated character; it says in the short story that she left so that she could be educated. Dee is noticed as a character that does whatever she wants, and have it go her way. One example is that, Dee wears a brightly colored, yellow-and-orange, ankle-length dress that is inappropriate for the warm weather. This shows that she would wear anything she wants even if its inappropriate in any way. In the story mama wouldn’t let Dee have the quilts, and she became furious. This another example that she is very stubborn, because in the end she keeps the quilts. In this story i learned that being generous and polite will get you farther in life, but if you’re stubborn, and impolite you won’t get as far in life.

Learning from Your Life Story

MGMT 614 Short Writing Assignment #1 Learning From Your Life Story Aashima Mutneja Gamma 5 Date of Submission: 22nd Jan, 2013 A. Think back over all of the leadership experiences in your lifetime. Choose the leadership experience of which you are the proudest. In this exercise, put yourself back in that time and describe it as if it were happening to you right now. Describe your proudest leadership experience, starting with the specific events. Consider the following questions in your description: What happened? What was the history or climate of the organization/group you were in?What triggered the experience? What caused you to step up and lead? What was the outcome? What changed in the people in the organization as a result? How did you feel†¦ Before stepping up to lead? When you first stepped up to lead? When facing the challenges of the situation? After the results were in? (Do not limit yourself on space for this section. ) Proudest Leadership Experience I graduated from t he University of Mumbai in 2009 with a lucrative job offer as a financial trainee for one of the leading financial software companies in India.Additionally, I was fortunate that few of my close friends were going to join the firm along with me. However, few weeks before our official start we were notified of an indefinite deferment in our joining date. Most of us were finance enthusiasts and were disheartened at this development. We faced a series of disappointments as we tried to find a financial position at the peak of the financial crisis with no prior finance experience or education. Most of us eventually joined jobs related to our major in industrial engineering. However not being able to switch to finance added a lot of dissatisfaction in our current roles.My key strength, as pointed to me by the MBA program is restorative which means to have an innate knack of solving problems quickly and efficiently. I couldn’t agree more with this analysis and true to my nature I qui ckly started gathering and analyzing information related to careers in finance. I reached out to industry professionals and understood that the most desired qualification for finance professionals was a CFA charter. This answered my question on how to break into the field of finance. A CFA certification required passing three extremely difficult examinations, which meant grueling late night studying.I understood that the process would be highly stressful and hence decided to form a study group to ensure that there was a level of discipline, focus and support as we decided to endure this demanding journey. My next challenge was to convince people to get on board. My first choice was to approach my finance oriented friends. As expected, most of them were uncertain about the time and commitment required for this examination. The plan was to finish each level within six months as opposed to 12 months suggested by the program.I understood their apprehensions and tried to address all thei r questions and concerns patiently. To convince them to agree to give the CFA, I knew I would have to show them the benefits of holding a CFA charter. So I arranged a meeting with one of the CFA charter holders who got us excited about CFA and we started our journey towards a charter. My next challenge was to bring discipline and a routine to our studies. Exhausted after long hours of work, I kept the enthusiasm high by reminding them about the final result or simply by taking more frequent coffee breaks.Even though we finally established a routine, the frustration of studying and working together was taking a toll on all of us. Compromising on time with family and friends, missing out on our favorite activities including watching our favorite games, made us question if it was even worth it. At that time the only question I asked to myself was if not finance than what? I couldn’t imagine myself doing anything else, I was confident that this was the career option that best fit my interests and skills. I felt that my nner drive and perseverance was an inspiration to my friends and we fed of each other’s energy to carry forward. After twelve months of extreme hard work, we cleared two levels of the CFA examination as planned and the final third level twelve months after that. Fortunately, after completing two level of CFA all of us were able to secure a respectable job within the financial services space. I did not receive an award for it and maybe it did not make a difference to anyone else’s life. However I had the determination and focus to make a difference to my life.I could lead change within me and those around me. It has been one of the most difficult and challenging phase of my life but I have also felt the most driven and alive in those moments of struggle. This was my first real experience with leading others and me towards a goal. B. What things did you just learn about your leadership as you told that story? 1. Accountability 2. Patience 3. Self-discipline C. What leadership qualities did you bring to that leadership experience? 1. Determination 2. Patience 3. Focus 4. Initiative 5. Passion D.How did those qualities contribute to the outcome? Link an outcome to each of the qualities you listed above. Leadership Quality| Its Effect on the Outcome| 1. Determination| It helped me to stay focused on the goal during difficult times| 2. Patience| It helped me to adjust with different personalities and try to understand their perspective while trying to achieve an outcome in a team setting. | 3. Focus| It helped me rise above a disheartening situation and start developing the action plan to achieve my goal. | 4. Initiative| It helped me take actions to change he current state of affairs for the better and encourage guide other people to do the same. | 5. Passion| It helped me be determined and focused during difficult times and also made the entire process enjoyable and the final outcome worth the effort. | E. Now , be your own mentor. Turn back to the story again and look at it from the perspective of what you know now. If you were mentoring yourself at that time, what advice would you give? Mentoring Advice In retrospect, I would advise myself to be more composed as I work towards my goals.I was focused and determined but compromised on my lifestyle, which I feel would not be sustainable in the long run. Having spent twelve months under constant stress and pressure made me lose sight of the bigger picture and made me a more paranoid person in general. I heard time and again during those trying times to â€Å"take it easy† as it was not the end of the world, while I would advise myself to stress myself too much, I would not like to have a â€Å"take it easy† attitude. I struggle to find the right balance of working and relaxation; a key component of a happy and successful life.

Analysis Of As I Lay Dying - 1497 Words

As I Lay Dying, is a novel about the death of Addie Bundren and the events that follow to her burial. The story is told through fifteen different perspectives over the course of fifty-nine narrative chapters. William Faulkner gives the reader insight into what each character is thinking and their reactions to the events taking place. Each member of the Bundren family holds their own secrets that they keep from one another. These secrets eventually distance each member from one another over the duration of the novel. As I lay Dying can at times be confusing to the read due to the language Faulkner uses, the multiple view points of the same event, and the unique personalities of each character. Motifs and themes in a novel are very†¦show more content†¦Addie confesses, â€Å"†¦my aloneness had to be violated over and over each day, but that it had never been violated until Cash came.† (Faulkner, 99) When Addie had Cash she had to take on the new and challenging responsibilities of being a mother. She was losing her freedom to be who she wanted to be and do what she wanted to do because now she is responsible for another human. Faulkner uses the characters to better portray each character on a deeper level. Without the stream of consciousness, this novel would be very hard to understand. The reader can better relate with the characters with their thoughts. The thoughts of some characters show their intelligence. Vardaman is the youngest of the Bundren family. Vardaman is about six-years-old and his ability to speak is very limited however his ability to express his thoughts through the written word displays his intelligence. Vardaman proclaims â€Å"He kilt her. He kilt her.† (Faulkner, 32) A display of the way he interacts with the people around him. However, Vardaman’s next thought is very intelligent: â€Å"The life in him runs under the skin, under my hand, running though the splotches, smelling up into my nose where the sickness is beginning to cry, vomiting the crying, and then I can breathe, vomiting it.† (Faulkner 32) If the reader was just exposed to Vardaman’s spoken word they would see a regular six-year-old boy, but when the readerShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of As I Lay Dying 1528 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst-person, second-person, and third-person point of views. Either of the foregoing points of views have different effect on the understanding and believability of the characters or the story being told, as is evident from O Pioneers! and As I Lay Dying novels. As I lay dying is a narrative by William Faulkner who uses multiple narrators and different techniques to convey a message from different points of view. Through the narratives of the fifteen different characters in the novel, it is important to understandRead MoreAnalysis Of As I Lay Dying 1682 Words   |  7 PagesProfession of Poverty As Robert Kennedy once said, â€Å"I believe that, as long as there is plenty, poverty is evil† (Kennedy). Money and wealth contribute to the image a person presents. In a world based on standards such as those, the wealthy will seem to be superior to the poor and that almost never ends in a positive way. William Faulkner, author of As I Lay Dying, was aware of the effects of poverty and took the opportunity to use his characters to depict poverty s effects. The novel takes placeRead MoreAnalysis Of As I Lay Dying 1204 Words   |  5 PagesBlake Huston Kelly Hoffer Interpretation of Literature October 19th, 2015 Dewey Dell’s Uncontrollable Fate In William Faulkner’s novel, As I Lay Dying, the reader is encouraged to sympathize with Dewey Dell on account of her quickly waning life. We are given multiple circumstances in the book where Dewey Dell’s life is noticeably described in a negative way, not as a person, but rather how bad of a situation she is in. She is an impregnated seventeen-year-old girl who is unable to find proper treatmentRead MoreAnalysis Of As I Lay Dying1599 Words   |  7 Pages by William Faulkner, As I lay Dying, the Bundren family suffers the loss of Addie Bundren a beloved wife and mother. In honoring Addie’s last wish, the Bundrens make the trip to Jefferson to bury her with her relatives. During the trip every thing that could go wrong does. This story is told from plentiful points of view and reveals the completely unstable psychological state of the Bundren family. 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Before, Addie Bundren passes away she makes her husband Anse promise to bury her in her hometown of Jefferson, Mississippi. This is a large task as the Burden family is located in Yoknapatawhpha County, Mississippi and they must make the rough journey to give theirRead MoreAnalysis Of As I Lay Dying 944 Words   |  4 PagesFaulkner’s Description of Dewey Dell in As I Lay Dying William Faulkner’s phrasing, point of view, and grammar in his polyphonic novel, As I Lay Dying, strategically employs the miserably pessimistic yet juvenile voice of Dewey Dell to characterize her as the novel’s naà ¯ve victim. The only surviving female in the Bundren family, Faulkner presents the hardships that Dewey Dell must endure. 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Essay on Catcher In The Rye - A Sequel - 465 Words

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Banned Books - 1233 Words

Banned Books 3 Where Have All the Books Gone? Books are dangerous. They make you thinkÂ…feelÂ…wonderÂ…. They make you ask questions (Weiss p.2). At the present time, at least seventy-five books are being banned. This is hurting our culture more than it is helping. This has to be stopped; books cannot be taken off of the shelves at the rate that they are today. The books that are being taken off of the shelves are, for the most part, considered classics. The act of book banning puts limitations on what authors can say, and what readers can read (Dorshemer p.1). The banning of books in America is a violation of our first amendment rights. Amendment 1 of the United States Constitution states as follows: Congress shall make no law†¦show more content†¦The firemen in this book are responsible for burning huge quantities of books. This act brainwashes the population because people lose the power to think for themselves. This book is banned in many places for portraying such a world. 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Case Study and Lecture Notes for Intended Market Entry to Singapore

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Intended Market Entry to Singapore. Answer: Introduction This paper shall focus on product or service launch decisions. This paper shall particularly focus on determining segmentation, targeting and marketing mix strategy for introducing Ola Cabs in Singapore. Purpose The purpose of this report is to develop strategy for launching product or service in a foreign country market. International marketing strategy is critical as it would help the company in competing in the regional as well as global arena. The paper aims to investigate the optimal product strategy. It shall also describe the variables that would affect the timing and sequence of entry in the market. Limitations A few limitations were faced while preparing this report. It has a limited scope. It provides suggestions, not solutions. It uses a fragmented approach. The suggestions can be resistant to marketing managers. It was lengthy and time-consuming to research data and present it in a succinct form. The report could have been made better by conducting an in-depth analysis for stating the competitive analysis. Scope The scope of this paper is to research the market segment and transform market challenges into new opportunities. The report shall also provide guidelines for international marketing managers looking to launch products or services in the global market. This paper shall assist the management practitioners to be counterproductive in product launch decision making. Background As discussed in the previous report, Ola Cabs needs to be launched in Singapore for meeting the demands or shortage faced in the economy. Ola Cabs or Ola was founded in the year 2010 in Mumbai, India. With the initial success in Mumbai and the national roll out, Ola is ready for global expansion. Ola offers a wide array of cab services ranging from economical to luxurious commutation based on booking through a mobile app. Ola provides benefits to the commuters as it is hassle-free travelling, cash and cashless payment options. Singapore has experienced a shift in trend towards convenient commutation with the increased smartphone usage. Singapore is chosen after conducting a thorough review and concluding that the country faces taxi-shortage. Environmental Analysis According to the previous report, politically, taxi-booking apps experience tighter control and stringent regulations. The LTA planned to regulate third-party taxi booking apps for only using licensed vehicles and drivers. The policies further state that the companies without a registration certificate are liable to pay a penalty of S$10,000. Alternatively, the person may face imprisonment of up to six months, or both (Tegos 2015). Economically, the country has a low unemployment rate, growing GDP and strong development. The Singapore government has avoided setting a minimum-wage system. Singapore enjoys the lower unemployment rate of 1.9% in comparison with other developed countries (Feng 2015). Socio-culturally, the commuters are favouring the third-party taxi booking apps. Other features such as safety, reduced hassles, easy payment options and reduced waiting time adds to positive social trends. The trends and preference in public transportation are increasing rapidly. Technologically, the digital payment gateways, GPS-enabled locations help the commuters and drivers to opt for third-party taxi booking apps. The smartphones are GPS-enabled allowing the users to request and book a taxi. Technology transforms the taxi industry as the mobile apps are beneficial for both the taxi drivers and commuters. Legally, Third-Party Taxi Booking Service Providers Act 2015 plays a critical role as it pressurizes the taxi associations and drivers. The drivers are penalized with money or imprisonment if they violate Environmental Protection and Management (Vehicular Emissions) Regulations. The third-party taxi providers offer both taxi and non-taxi booking services that make it compulsory for them to register under the Act. Naturally, the government aims to maintain air quality standards in Singapore as the climate change is making the society vulnerable. The National Environment Agency makes efforts to create awareness among the public. The climate change in Singapore can cause sea-level rise, periods of drought and flash floods, risk the biodiversity and greenery, increase endemic diseases, and vulnerable affect food security. Target Market and Competitive Analysis Target Market Analysis The market can be segmented as follows: Demographic Segmentation- The market can be segmented into different age groups such as 16-21, 22-35, 36-50 and 50 and above. The Singaporean market can be segmented into low-level, middle and upper-level income. The third-party taxi booking apps can be segmented for both men and women as gender segmentation. Lastly, the market can be segmented for people qualified high school, graduate, post-graduate and doctorate (Wong, Szeto Wong 2014, pp. 73-81). Geographical Segmentation- Singapore is a developed country; the geographic regions shall be divided into semi-urban and urban regions. The geographical locations can also be divided as densely populated regions such as corporate areas, airport, or residential areas (Wedel and Kamakura 2012, p 4). Behavioural Segmentation- The behavioural segmentation can be defined on the basis of benefits sought, usage rate, and readiness to avail service, brand loyalty and occasions to purchase. The taxi services can be availed regularly, and the benefits sought may be in relation to payments, convenience and reduced waiting time (Aarhaug Skollerud 2014, p 279). Psychographic Segmentation- The psychographic segmentation can be measured on the basis of lifestyle, values, opinions and attitudes. Ola Cabs services can also be treated as a symbol of status- lower class, middle class and upper class. The attitudes of the people can be equated to that of choosing comfort and luxury (Hakam, Wee Yang 2015, p 145). Based on the above criteria, the differentiated targeting strategy can be pursued. A combination of various market variables can be chosen to target a relevant target segment. Demographically, the target market can be chosen for the people belonging to the age group 22-35. The people belonging to this age group are usually office goers. Mainly, women are targeted for introducing service in Singapore. The middle level income are targeted a Singapore has large population of middle class. The middle class is also ASEANs biggest economy (Ting 2016, para 8). The education level is selected as at least a high school graduate. Ola Cabs is an online booking app that requires basic knowledge for running and operating the mobile application. Geographically, the target regions are selected as the densely populated areas. The busiest areas in Singapore such as corporate areas, residential and airport shall be targeted. The dense population is present in these areas due to which there is high demand in the urban regions (Wedel Kamakura 2012, p 4). Based on behavioural segmentation, the target market is chosen for the people who are looking forward to seek benefits from the third-party taxi booking apps. Not only shall the service be beneficial to customers, but also the taxi drivers. The commuters shall enjoy convenient travelling and hassle-free payments, the drivers shall enjoy a larger pool of customers. The Singaporeans are facing shortage of cabs, and the problem of commutation can be solved with more number of taxis available in the peak hours or heavy downpour (Reed 2015, para 4). Based on psychographic segmentation, the lifestyle of the consumers can be defined. The people availing third party taxi booking apps are the people living a convenient or luxurious lifestyle. It is inferred that online cab booking services are for the people who do not wish to struggle for regular commutation (Cross, Belich Rudelius 2014, pp. 531-536). Since more than two distinct market segments, differentiated marketing can be followed in which attempts shall be made to appeal multiple market segments. Differentiated marketing strategy shall be used as the market conditions are same for every taxi company. There is a need to design products with special characteristics for achieving competitive advantage within the market. Ola Cabs can create different marketing campaigns targeting the above mentioned market segments. The marketing campaign can be designed for the benefits sought, convenient lifestyle, reduced waiting time for office goers and safety for women. The demand for taxis is mainly arising from the above mentioned segments (Toften Hammervoll 2013, pp. 272-285). Every taxi service aims to provide reliable, safe and timely commutation. The positioning statement for Ola can be to provide economical, safe and quick transportation for providing comfort to the commuters (Parkinson, Baker Moller 2016, p 237). Figure 1: Positioning Map Source: Created by Author Competitive Analysis Ola faces competition from both direct and indirect competition. The direct competitors are the most popular taxi services in Singapore are Uber and GrabTaxi (Wei 2015, para 1). The indirect competitors are the other transportation networks such as buses, private cars, conventional taxis and trains. About Uber and GrabTaxi The first Asian country to welcome Uber was Singapore. Additionally, Singapore is the first place to experiment with cash payments (Newsroom.uber.com 2016, para 1). Also, it allows payment via credit card. Uber launches new features according to the changing demand trends. The company engages with driver-partners for understanding the consumers and improving services (Newsroom.uber.com 2016, para 6). GrabTaxi or Grab is one of the most popular cab services in Singapore. Grab offers cashless payment offers making travelling easier. Grab is continually optimizing its features and putting it to the best use of users. Grab provides efficient customer service assuring speed, safety and certainty (Tung 2015, para 5). It also provides limousine vehicles for targeting luxurious customer base (Auyong 2014, para 9). Product Features Uber drivers use GPS that is considered better than the Singaporeans (Reed 2015, para 6). The cab is easy to get at busy and peak time and during rains in comparison with other cab services (Reed 2015, para 8). Uber offers a range of cars with different prices from low cost to premium such as UberX, UberXL, UberEXEC, EXECLARGE, and UberTaxi (Uber.com 2016, para 2). GrabTaxi offers a Flash feature which breaks the boundaries between private cars and taxis. The feature helps in getting a ride quicker thereby opening up a large pool of drivers. It offers an intense competition to the private cars and taxis (Waal-Montgomery 2015, para 1). Various car options are provided for economical and luxurious travelling such as Economy, Premium, 6-seater Economy, 6-seater Premium and 13-seater cars (Grab.com 2016). Price There is a pricing war between GrabCar and UberBLACK as both the cars cover limousine fleets. In Singapore, the charges for S$38 flat rate for trips with a distance below 4kms and the price above S$50 is treated as flat (Hong 2014, para 24). However, UberBLACK charges a minimum fare of S$12 and the price increases according to distance and surge pricing (Hong 2014, para 24). Going by the consumers behaviour, GrabCar appears to be cheaper in longer journeys and off-peak hours. However, Uber claims that it is cheaper than its competitors considering the distance covered (Hong 2014). Promotion Both Uber and GrabTaxi use social media and direct mails to promote and advertise their brands. Both use different promotional offers for free rides and discounts to attract the customers. The coupon codes are available at multiple websites that helps in attracting a large consumer segment (Twitter.com 2016). Porters Five Forces Model For understanding the growth and attractiveness in the transport industry, the Porters five forces analysis can be considered at the macro-level. Five Forces Analysis High/ Low/ Moderate Analysis Threat of New Entrants Moderate The capital required for starting up the business is low. For booking an online taxi service, the customers do not require any membership. The app can be used for free due to which switching cost for customers is low. The low switching cost for consumers make it easy for the new entrants to enter the market. However, the government regulations act as barrier in the industry. Also, it is difficult to find experienced and skilled drivers (Beiker 2015, pp. 139-151). Threat of Substitutes High The increasing petrol prices may influence the commuters to travel through other cheaper transportation such as trains and buses. Other than public transportation, the private cars or car-sharing companies are a threat for taxi services. The traditional taxi services other than the third-party booking apps are also a threat. The cheap price and easy availability of other transportation modes could be risky for Ola (Cohen Kietzmann 2014, pp. 279-296). Bargaining Power of Buyers Low The switching cost of customer is low as there are other modes of transport available. The business model and operations set new expectations for the customers. With greater access to substitute products and convenience, it is easier for the customers to switch to other companies. As the prices are fixed, the buyers do not hold much power in bargaining. The customers are likely to be price sensitive due to which they would choose whatever falls cheaper or convenient to them (Magretta 2012, p 42). Bargaining Power of Suppliers High The main suppliers of Ola are car dealers, fuel and skilled drivers. Ola does not own any vehicles. The business model is dependent on the partners as they would outsource labour and assets to individuals who are willing to use their web application. Car dealers have low bargaining power as there is a large pool of dealers available offering high end model at low prices. The fuel suppliers have moderate bargaining power as prices are regulated by the government (Haufler 2013, p 7). Intensity of Rivalry High GrabTaxi and Uber have established a high market share in the Singaporean market. Currently, price is not a differentiating factor in competition as the people are more inclined towards timely service, comfort and luxury. With the low entry and exit costs, the companies do not have to own the fleet of cars. Other indirect competitors are the substitute rivalries such as buses, trains and traditional taxis (Harding, Kandlikar Gulati 2016, pp. 15-25). Target Market Entry Strategy The products and services of Ola in Singapore shall not be different from that of India. Singapore is economically stable that makes it easier for the organizations to enter. As both the countries are Asian, the cultural elements are similar. Scale Ola can make strategic commitments that would have a long-term impact and presence in the market. The strategy for large scale shall be adopted. Significant amount of resources shall be required for finance, personnel and marketing. It would be easier to attract customers with large scale entry as marketing would enable a wide reach. It would also challenge the existing or potential rivalries from entering into the market. The entry mode shall change the nature of competition in the market as it would enable in gaining a greater market share. A small-scale may limit the reach because of which large scale entry can be adopted (Samaha, Beck Palmatier 2014, pp. 78-98). Mode Licensing can be followed as an arrangement between Ola and Singaporean government to run its operations (Laufs Schwens 2014, p 1110). Ola requires a huge number of cars requiring significant investment. It is a flexible work agreement that can be turned in favour of both Ola and the car companies. This strategy can help in obtaining extra income and reaching new markets that would not be possible using other modes. The investment in this strategy is low and Ola can quickly expand without much risk or investment. Ola has limited operations in its home country, therefore licensing is highly attractive option as it is new in international business. The political risk shall also be minimized as the license would be locally owned. Valuable spin off is also possible as there is no danger of nationalisation. The patents are protected and local supplier can secure government contracts (Turnbull Valla 2013, p 293). Timing Ola shall be a late entrant in the Singaporean market as other cab services such as GrabTaxi and Uber exist. Being a subsequent entrant, Ola shall enter with improved products and services. A larger market share can be captured by rectifying the mistakes committed by the earlier entrants. Ola shall require adequate resources and superior marketing techniques for competing. The Research and Development cost shall be low as the operations are already running in India. The company shall focus on making superior product packages and dominate packages. There is less risk involved with a greater chance of return on investment. The unoccupied niche can be captured by Ola. The concept of third party booking apps is known to people; therefore less cost shall be involved in educating (Szulanski, Ringov Jensen 2016, pp. 304-322). The sprinkler strategy or sprinkler diffusion strategy can be used for successful implementation as a high standard of marketing strategies has to be used. This strategy shall help in simultaneous marketing activities targeting different market segments. The strategy shall make full use of competitive advantage and rapid development. Uber and GrabTaxi have acquired a high position in Singapore for which Ola needs to conduct extensive marketing activities (Bhalla 2013, pp. 138-165). Recommendations Product Strategy In India, Ola provides a wide range of product packages for different customer segments. Based on the target market for Singapore, Ola can offer different cars such as Ola Micro, Ola Mini and Ola Prime (Olacabs Technologies 2016). The car would be suitable for one person, two people or more than two people. The product mix strategy can be divided into three levels that would help the product in defining in a better manner. The three levels are: Core product, actual product and augmented product (Oliver 2014, p 41). The core product is related to the benefits and usage. Ola cabs shall resolve the issue of shortage of cabs in Singapore. The benefits offered by the taxi service such as easy payment, reduced waiting time and hassle-free commutation that are sufficient reasons for the Singaporeans to purchase the product (Reed 2015, para 4). The actual product is represented by the quality, branding and style of the products that helps in differentiating it from other competitive brands. Ola can differentiate by adding Ridesharing feature in its mobile app in Singapore. The consumers would be attracted towards the brand as it would prove economical to them (Mohammed 2015, para 10). Additionally, Ola does not provide environmental-friendly cars in India. In Singapore, it could consider running electric cars for reducing cost of fuel and maintenance. All the Ola cars can be painted in white and green as they are in India as it would give a brand identity in presence of hundred other cars (Olacabs.com 2016). The augmented product can be determined by the services offered and customer care. Ola can provide night services for the convenience of customers. The product packages can also exclusively offer airport pick-up and drop that would be beneficial for the customers who do not own a car or are visiting the country for a specific purpose. The customer care services shall be beneficial to the customers for handling their grievances or any other assistance (Oliver 2014, p 41). Pricing Strategy The pricing strategy for Ola can be defined using a combination of pricing structures. The pricing strategies are similar for the entire taxi industry. The services can be defined as three-part structures, base-fare, price per kilometre and price per minute. Alternatively, the pricing can also be defined as a fixed price for any trip within a particular area, price linear to mileage, differential pricing at different times of the day (Zeng Oren 2014, p 1135). The different cars offered by Ola carry different prices. The pricing can be varied ranging from economical to premium based on the cars hired by the commuters. The Micro shall be priced the least, Mini shall charge slightly higher prices but less than Prime, and Prime can charge premium prices. The availability and advantages offered shall vary depending on the prices offered by the cars (Zhang Ukkusuri 2016). The prices can be charged as base fare and additional charges based on distance or time travelled. For longer distances, Ola can charge based on distance covered while for shorter distance, prices can be charged per minute travelled by the commuter. Additionally, Ola can charge higher prices at peak hours as there is high demand of cabs while people are going or leaving from their offices. During heavy rainfall or circumstances where the cabs would be high in demand, surge pricing can be applied where the services can be availed by the people not looking to compromise on convenient travelling (Zhang Ukkusuri 2016). Place or Distribution Strategy Place or location plays a critical role in the taxi business. Ola must focus on busy streets such as corporate areas where there is heavy rush of people. Also, the taxis shall be lined up near airports and railway stations so that when a customer wishes to book a cab, Ola can be available at the quickest. If Ola does not make its presence visible at the busiest locations, the competitors such as Uber and GrabTaxi would be preferred by the travellers thereby losing market share. Ola must run its cabs across the city and halt at places where there is a high chance of people looking to book cabs (Wright Nelson 2014, pp. 147-161). Not only the busiest locations but the residential areas where women or kids have to commute and are looking for convenient travelling must be strategized by Ola. The niche market segments shall be covered by Ola as women have to regularly travel to supermarkets and carry the heavy packets home. Ola must be lined up near supermarkets so that the taxi services are instantly available for the ladies. Ola would only be available through digital channel and not the local hiring as it would not solve the problem of shortage for targeted market segment. Additionally, Ola can offer outstation services by taking its customers across town that is a unique strategy and different from its competitors (Rayle et al. 2016, p 169). Promotion Strategy A campaign can be designed with the slogan Taxi- Anytime! Anywhere! A combination of various media or channels can be applied for promoting Ola. The different elements such as advertising, sales promotion, sponsorship and direct marketing shall be beneficial in marketing Ola. Advertisement would be paid attracting a large mass of people through television, radio or newspapers. Other forms of advertisements such as web pages, brochures, billboards and direct mail can also be used. Press releases can be used to create positive publicity and influencing media outlets. Sponsoring major events shall help in attracting attention and increasing brand visibility (Shimp Shimp 2012). Another strategy is using direct marketing tools in which the targeted customers shall be influenced using telemarketing, emails, and customized letters and text messages. Ola can educate its customers about its various benefits and uses targeting women and the specified target group. Using sales promotion, Ola can offer free rides to the new users. Ola can encourage its customers to refer the service to their friends for which a code shall be provided. When the new users enter that code, they can be offered discounts or free rides. Contests can be conducted by Ola where the winners shall be given rewarded with special discount coupons. Additionally, the customers may also be upgraded with rides in times of non-peak hours where the premium cabs are available in the nearby areas of the users. For example, if the customer books an Ola Micro, he may be upgraded to Ola Mini or Ola Prime and would be charged for Ola Micro. This shall motivate the consumers in making repeated purchase (Aro kiasamy 2012, p 1-11). People Strategy People are the most important element as they enhance experience of the consumers. Ola must hire the right staff and train them efficiently. The people at Ola must be focused at five areas- Reliability, Assurance, Tangibles, Empathy and Responsiveness. These elements play a critical role in customer satisfaction. The customer service representatives must be hired who are hold good communication skills. Additionally, the drivers hired to drive the Ola cabs must be experienced. They must be trained for being hospitable to the commuters. Personality development training must be given to the staffs so that the customers would be assured of high quality services. The customers make perceptions and judgments based on the interaction with the representatives of an organization (Huang Ford 2012, p 359). The Millennial heavily focus on efficient customer service. The drivers must be provided with training regarding usage of GPS, learning about routes in Singapore, confirming or rejecting a ride, knowledge of the famous tourist spots and overall in-depth knowledge. People act as the interface between the company and the customers. Induction shall help in introducing the organizational culture to the staffs. Training must be provided both on-the-job and off-the-job. The commuters may initiate a conversation with the cab drivers to know about the locality for which the driver must be knowledgeable and answer to customer queries. Customer interaction and service would add value and satisfy maximum consumers (Huang Ford 2012, p 359). Process Strategy Process is a critical element in which value is delivered. A number of processes can be adapted by Ola for adapting to the needs of its customers. The processes include both direct and indirect activities. The direct activities shall add value at customer interface through the services. The indirect activities are supported at the back office before, during and after the services are availed. When a customer books a cab, the server at the back office connects with the driver available at the nearby location. The details and pick up location are shared with the driver according to which he would reach the location and pick up customer (Taxi Singapore 2016). After entering destination, the driver shall travel to the destination. The customer shall select the payment mode through cash, wallet or card. The money is automatically paid in case of wallet and card. In case of cash payment, the amount is collected by the driver. The back-office shall then provide the drivers commission. The c ustomer can be given an option of feedback and rating at the end of his ride. The process must be efficient as it is the organizations main offering (Taxi Singapore 2016). The entire process shall be run through internet and online booking. The benefits of cost-saving and time- reduction can be availed. The entire system shall assist Ola in delivering the service. The customer and driver shall also be given each others contact number for communicating as required. The driver would assure in making the customer reach his destination point safely (Taxi Singapore 2016). Physical Evidence Strategy A few tools of the physical evidence in the marketing mix can be described using ambience, perceptions and the other factors that can be witnessed. The physical evidence can be analyzed by the place where service is being delivered. The cab arrival at the location would act as physical evidence. A few other tools that would change consumer perception are the condition of taxi. The taxis must be modern, air-conditioned and should have comfortable seats. These factors would affect the consumer perception just by looking at it or while experiencing it. After the ride is completed, the receipt would be flashed on the consumers smartphone. Additionally, an email can be sent for the records of consumer (Lovelock 2014). Conclusion It is concluded that Ola has a great opportunity in the Singapore market. The taxi industry is expected to rise more in Singapore. The above report focuses on product or service launch decisions. The differentiated targeting strategy can be followed. A combination of various market segments can be chosen to form one. Mainly, women are targeted for introducing service in Singapore. The busiest areas in Singapore such as corporate areas, residential and airport shall be targeted. The commuters shall enjoy convenient travelling and hassle-free payments, the drivers shall enjoy a larger pool of customers. Ola faces intense competition from the most popular taxi services in Singapore are Uber and GrabTaxi. Ola can make strategic commitments that would have a long-term impact and presence in the market. Licensing can be followed as an arrangement between Ola and Singaporean government to run its operations. Based on the target market for Singapore, Ola can offer different cars such as Ola Micro, Ola Mini, and Ola Prime. The pricing can be varied ranging from economical to premium based on the cars hired by the commuters. Ola must focus on busy streets such as corporate areas where there is heavy rush of people. Sponsoring major events shall help in attracting attention and increasing brand visibility. Induction shall help in introducing the organizational culture to the staffs. The taxis must be modern, air-conditioned and should have comfortable seats. 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